期刊
TRENDS IN BIOCHEMICAL SCIENCES
卷 45, 期 5, 页码 385-396出版社
CELL PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2020.01.002
关键词
-
资金
- National Institutes of Health (USA) [R01 HG003143, F32 CA224689]
Active and inactive chromatin are spatially separated in the nucleus. In Hi-C data, this is reflected by the formation of compartments, whose interactions form a characteristic checkerboard pattern in chromatin interaction maps. Only recently have the mechanisms that drive this separation come into view. Here, we discuss new insights into these mechanisms and possible functions in genome regulation. Compartmentalization can be understood as a microphase-segregated block co-polymer. Microphase separation can be facilitated by chromatin factors that associate with compartment domains, and that can engage in liquid-liquid phase separation to form subnuclear bodies, as well as by acting as bridging factors between polymer sections. We then discuss how a spatially segregated state of the genome can contribute to gene regulation, and highlight experimental challenges for testing these structure-function relationships.
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