期刊
TRAFFIC
卷 21, 期 1, 页码 76-93出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/tra.12715
关键词
ALIX; anthrax; bis(monoacylglycero)phosphate BMP; calcium store; cholesterol; enveloped virus; ESCRTs; exosome; intralumenal vesicle ILV; lipidomics; lysobisphosphatidic acid; lysosome; lysosome storage disease; multivesicular endosome; Niemann‐ pick C; pathogen; penetration; toxin
类别
资金
- National Center of Competence in Research Chemical Biology Funding Source: Medline
- LipidX from SystemsX.ch Funding Source: Medline
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung [31003A_159479] Funding Source: Medline
The late endosomes/endo-lysosomes of vertebrates contain an atypical phospholipid, lysobisphosphatidic acid (LBPA) (also termed bis[monoacylglycero]phosphate [BMP]), which is not detected elsewhere in the cell. LBPA is abundant in the membrane system present in the lumen of this compartment, including intralumenal vesicles (ILVs). In this review, the current knowledge on LBPA and LBPA-containing membranes will be summarized, and their role in the control of endosomal cholesterol will be outlined. Some speculations will also be made on how this system may be overwhelmed in the cholesterol storage disorder Niemann-Pick C. Then, the roles of intralumenal membranes in endo-lysosomal dynamics and functions will be discussed in broader terms. Likewise, the mechanisms that drive the biogenesis of intralumenal membranes, including ESCRTs, will also be discussed, as well as their diverse composition and fate, including degradation in lysosomes and secretion as exosomes. This review will also discuss how intralumenal membranes are hijacked by pathogenic agents during intoxication and infection, and what is the biochemical composition and function of the intra-endosomal lumenal milieu. Finally, this review will allude to the size limitations imposed on intralumenal vesicle functions and speculate on the possible role of LBPA as calcium chelator in the acidic calcium stores of endo-lysosomes.
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