期刊
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 702, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134455
关键词
Microplastics; Nanoplastics; Human health risks; Marine litter; Toxicology
资金
- FCT/MEC (PIDDAC) [IF/00407/2013/CP1162/CT0023]
- FCT/MCTES [UID/AMB/50017/2019]
- Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) through POCH funds [PD/BD/135581/2018]
- European Social Fund
- Portuguese National Funds from MEC
- national funds (OE), through FCT
- FEDER, through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI) [POCI-1-0145-FEDER-028740]
- national funds (OE), through FCT/MCTES [POCI-1-0145-FEDER-028740]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [IF/00407/2013/CP1162/CT0023] Funding Source: FCT
Microplastics are ubiquitous environmental contaminants leading to inevitable human exposure. Even so, little is known about the effects of microplastics in human health. Thus, in this work we review the evidence for potential negative effects of microplastics in the human body, focusing on pathways of exposure and toxicity. Exposure may occur by ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact due to the presence of microplastics in products, foodstuff and air. In all biological systems, microplastic exposure may cause particle toxicity, with oxidative stress, inflammatory lesions and increased uptake or translocation. The inability of the immune system to remove synthetic particles may lead to chronic inflammation and increase risk of neoplasia. Furthermore, microplastics may release their constituents, adsorbed contaminants and pathogenic organisms. Nonetheless, knowledge on microplastic toxicity is still limited and largely influenced by exposure concentration, particle properties, adsorbed contaminants, tissues involved and individual susceptibility, requiring further research. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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