4.7 Article

Cleaning up seas using blue growth initiatives: Mussel farming for eutrophication control in the Baltic Sea

期刊

SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
卷 709, 期 -, 页码 -

出版社

ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136144

关键词

Aquaculture; Blue growth; Eutrophication control; Internal measures; Mussel farming; Baltic Sea

资金

  1. European Union Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration though BONUS MARES project
  2. project Baltic EcoMussel (EU Central Baltic Interreg IVA Programme 2012-2013)
  3. Svenska Kulturfonden (Carl Cedercreutz stipendiefound) in 2013
  4. Svenska Kulturfonden (Carl Cedercreutz stipendiefound) in 2014
  5. German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) - Doctoral Programmes in Germany 2015/16 [57129429]
  6. The Sea research program at the Abo Akademi University Endowment
  7. SmartSea project [292985]
  8. BONUS project OPTIMUS - Optimization of Mussel mitigation culture for fish feed in the Baltic Sea through the Swedish Agency for Marine and Water Management [4356-2016]

向作者/读者索取更多资源

Eutrophication is a serious threat to aquatic ecosystems globally with pronounced negative effects in the Baltic and other semi-enclosed estuaries and regional seas, where algal growth associated with excess nutrients causes widespread oxygen free dead zones and other threats to sustainability. Decades of policy initiatives to reduce external (land-based and atmospheric) nutrient loads have so far failed to control Baltic Sea eutrophication, which is compounded by significant internal release of legacy phosphorus (P) and biological nitrogen (N) fixation. Farming and harvesting of the native mussel species (Mytilus edulis/trossulus) is a promising internal measure for eutrophication control in the brackish Baltic Sea. Mussels from the more saline outer Baltic had higherNand P content than those fromeither the inner or central Baltic. Despite their relatively lownutrient content, harvesting farmed mussels from the central Baltic can be a cost-effective complement to land-based measures needed to reach eutrophication status targets and is an important contributor to circularity. Cost effectiveness of nutrient removal is more dependent on farm type than mussel nutrient content, suggesting the need for additional development of farm technology. Furthermore, current regulations are not sufficiently conducive to implementation of internal measures, and may constitute a bottleneck for reaching eutrophication status targets in the Baltic Sea and elsewhere. (C) 2019 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.

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