Inflammatory and antioxidant pathway dysfunction in borderline personality disorder

Introduction: This study investigates the alteration of the inflammatory/oxidative pathway in patients with borderline personality disorder (BPD) and its relationship with clinical features of the disorder. Methods: 49 BPD patients and 33 healthy control subjects were studied. Plasma levels of TBARS, nitrites, and the antioxidant enzymes CAT, GPx and SOD were measured. In addition, peripheral blood mononuclear cells were obtained to investigate levels of intracellular components of the inflammatory/oxidative pathway including the I kappa B alpha, NF kappa B, iNOS, COX2, Keap1, NOO1, and HO1. Western Blot and ELISA were used to measure protein expression. Patients were assessed for different clinical dimensions of BPD with scales for depression, anxiety, impulsivity and functioning. Results: A significant decrease of I kappa B alpha levels and a significant increase of inflammatory factors, including NF kappa B, COX2 and iNOS levels were found in patients. On the other hand, a significant decrease was observed for all antioxidant enzymes in patients with BPD, except for HO1. The inflammatory factor NF kappa B showed a significant positive correlation with impulsivity scores. Conclusions: Patients with BPD presented an increased activation of several components of the inflammatory pathways, as well as an inhibition of the antioxidant path. These alterations appear partially correlated with the impulsivity scores in these patients.