期刊
PEDOSPHERE
卷 30, 期 1, 页码 87-97出版社
SCIENCE PRESS
DOI: 10.1016/S1002-0160(19)60803-9
关键词
ammonia-oxidizing archaea; ammonia-oxidizing bacteria; community shift; long-term fertilization; nitrite-oxidizing bacteria; nitrogen enrichment; stable isotope probing microcosm
类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41530857, 41471208]
- National Key Basic Research Program of China [2015CB150501]
- Department of Agriculture, Environment, and Rural Affairs (DAERA) in Northern Ireland, UK [700141499]
- Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences [XDB15040000]
- Startup Foundation for Introducing Talent of the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), China [S8113117001]
Long-term nitrogen (N) fertilization imposes strong selection on nitrifying communities in agricultural soil, but how a progressively changing niche affects potentially active nitrifiers in the field remains poorly understood. Using a 44-year grassland fertilization experiment, we investigated community shifts of active nitrifiers by DNA-based stable isotope probing (SIP) of field soils that received no fertilization (CK), high levels of organic cattle manure (HC), and chemical N fertilization (CF). Incubation of DNA-SIP microcosms showed significant nitrification activities in CF and HC soils, whereas no activity occurred in CK soils. The 44 years of inorganic N fertilization selected only C-13-ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB), whereas cattle slurry applications created a niche in which both ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and AOB could be actively C-13-labeled. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that Nitrosospira sp. 62-like AOB dominated inorganically fertilized CF soils, while Nitrosospira sp. 41-like AOB were abundant in organically fertilized HC soils. The C-13-AOA in HC soils were affiliated with the 29i4 lineage. The C-13-nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) were dominated by both Nitrospira- and Nitrobacter-like communities in CF soils, and the latter was overwhelmingly abundant in HC soils. The C-13-labeled nitrifying communities in SIP microcosms of CF and HC soils were largely similar to those predominant under field conditions. These results provide direct evidence for a strong selection of distinctly active nitrifiers after 44 years of different fertilization regimes in the field. Our findings imply that niche differentiation of nitrifying communities could be assessed as a net result of microbial adaption over 44 years to inorganic and organic N fertilization in the field, where distinct nitrifiers have been shaped by intensified anthropogenic N input.
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