期刊
NEW PHYTOLOGIST
卷 225, 期 6, 页码 2356-2367出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/nph.16312
关键词
biophysics; deflection; granular; mechanical stress; root; transparent soil
资金
- PDSE/CAPES [99999.006158/2015-03]
- European Research Council [ERC SENSOILS-647857]
- Scottish Government Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division (RESAS)
- ROSOM project (Agropolis Foundation) [1202-073]
- ROSOM project (Labex Agro) [ANR-10-LABX-001-01]
- ESPCI Paris, PSL Research University
Limitation to root growth results from forces required to overcome soil resistance to deformation. The variations in individual particle forces affects root development and often deflects the growth trajectory. We have developed transparent soil and optical projection tomography microscopy systems where measurements of growth trajectory and particle forces can be acquired in a granular medium at a range of confining pressures. We developed image-processing pipelines to analyse patterns in root trajectories and a stochastic-mechanical theory to establish how root deflections relate to particle forces and thickening of the root. Root thickening compensates for the increase in mean particle forces but does not prevent deflections from 5% of most extreme individual particle forces causing root deflection. The magnitude of deflections increases with pressure but they assemble into helices of conserved wavelength in response linked to gravitropism. The study reveals mechanisms for the understanding of root growth in mechanically impeding soil conditions and provides insights relevant to breeding of drought-resistant crops.
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