期刊
MOLECULES
卷 25, 期 5, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/molecules25051046
关键词
microsampling; VAMS; LC-MS; MS; cocaine; benzoylecgonine; ecgonine methyl ester; cocaethylene; whole blood; plasma
资金
- RFO (Ricerca Fondamentale Orientata - Oriented Fundamental Research) grants from Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Italy
- FFABR (Fondo di finanziamento per le attivita base di ricerca-Financing funds for Fundamental Research Activities) grant from Ministry for Education, University and Research, Italy
Reliable, feasible analytical methods are needed for forensic and anti-doping testing of cocaine and its most important metabolites, benzoylecgonine, ecgonine methyl ester, and cocaethylene (the active metabolite formed in the presence of ethanol). An innovative workflow is presented here, using minute amounts of dried blood or plasma obtained by volumetric absorptive microsampling (VAMS), followed by miniaturized pretreatment by dispersive pipette extraction (DPX) and LC-MS/MS analysis. After sampling 20 mu L of blood or plasma with a VAMS device, the sample was dried, extracted, and loaded onto a DPX tip. The DPX pretreatment lasted less than one minute and after elution with methanol the sample was directly injected into the LC-MS/MS system. The chromatographic analysis was carried out on a C8 column, using a mobile phase containing aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile. Good extraction yield (> 85%), precision (relative standard deviation, RSD < 6.0%) and matrix effect (< 12%) values were obtained. Analyte stability was outstanding (recovery > 85% after 2 months at room temperature). The method was successfully applied to real blood and plasma VAMS, with results in very good agreement with those of fluid samples. The method seems suitable for the monitoring of concomitant cocaine and ethanol use by means of plasma or blood VAMS testing.
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