期刊
CA-A CANCER JOURNAL FOR CLINICIANS
卷 66, 期 6, 页码 482-495出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.3322/caac.21354
关键词
diagnosis; human papillomavirus; penile cancer; prevention; review; treatment; vaccination
类别
资金
- Novocure
- Merck Company
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the penis is a rare malignancy in the United States, with a significantly higher incidence-up to 20 to 30 times greater-in areas of Africa and South America. This can be explained in part by the significantly greater prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases among high-risk males often having unprotected sex with multiple sexual partners. Human papillomavirus (HPV) has been implicated as the infectious pathway by which several these penile neoplasms originate from precursor lesions. In this regard, a fundamental understanding of HPV in penile carcinogenesis can have meaningful implications in understanding 1) the diagnosis of HPV-related precursor penile lesions, 2) targeting HPV-specific molecular pathways, and 3) cancer prevention. Using vaccination programs not only may improve patient outcomes but also may minimize the need for highly aggressive and often debilitating surgical resection. (C) 2016 American Cancer Society.
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