期刊
JOURNAL OF LEUKOCYTE BIOLOGY
卷 107, 期 4, 页码 597-612出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1002/JLB.4MR1019-189R
关键词
antiretroviral therapy; CD4(+) T cells; HIV-1 infection; immunological non-responders; immune reconstitution
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [81772165, 81974303]
- National 13th Five-Year Grand Program on Key Infectious Disease Control [2017ZX10202102-005-003, 2017ZX10202101-004-001]
- NSFC-NIH Biomedical collaborative research program [81761128001]
- Beijing Municipal of Science and Technology Major Project [D161100000416003]
- Beijing Key Laboratory for HIV/AIDS Research [BZ0089]
The morbidity and mortality of HIV type-1 (HIV-1)-related diseases were dramatically diminished by the grounds of the introduction of potent antiretroviral therapy, which induces persistent suppression of HIV-1 replication and gradual recovery of CD4(+) T-cell counts. However, similar to 10-40% of HIV-1-infected individuals fail to achieve normalization of CD4(+) T-cell counts despite persistent virological suppression. These patients are referred to as inadequate immunological responders, immunodiscordant responders, or immunological non-responders (INRs) who show severe immunological dysfunction. Indeed, INRs are at an increased risk of clinical progression to AIDS and non-AIDS events and present higher rates of mortality than HIV-1-infected individuals with adequate immune reconstitution. To date, the underlying mechanism of incomplete immune reconstitution in HIV-1-infected patients has not been fully elucidated. In light of this limitation, it is of substantial practical significance to deeply understand the mechanism of immune reconstitution and design effective individualized treatment strategies. Therefore, in this review, we aim to highlight the mechanism and risk factors of incomplete immune reconstitution and strategies to intervene.
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