A Novel Approach to Synthesize TiO2 Nanoparticles: Biosynthesis by Using Streptomyces sp. HC1

A simple, yet effective and rapid approach for the synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) using Streptomyces sp. HC1 was developed. The in vitro activity of TiO2 NPs was demonstrated against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized using various methods and instruments, such as Zetasizer, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. TiO2 NPs were observed to be spherical in shape with size in the range of 30 to 70 nm. Antimicrobial activities of TiO2 NPs against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 29213, Escherichia coli ATCC 35218, Candida albicans, ATCC 10231, and Aspergillus niger ATCC 6275 were evaluated. It was observed that TiO2 NPs showed higher antimicrobial activity against bacteria (12 mm) than against fungi. Moreover, TiO2 NPs also showed potent antibiofilm activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. Hence, the present study highlights the biological synthesis and characterization of TiO2 NPs, and their applications in the field of biomedical sciences.