期刊
JOURNAL OF FLUID MECHANICS
卷 887, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1017/jfm.2019.1019
关键词
air/sea interactions; surface gravity waves; wind-wave interactions
资金
- US Office of Naval Research [N00014-06-1-0372, N00014-11-1-0168]
- National Science Foundation [19-23935]
Sophisticated measurements of fluid velocity near to an undulating air-water boundary have traditionally been confined to the laboratory setting. Developments in camera technology and the opening of novel modes of analysis have allowed for sensitive measurements of the current profile in the ocean's uppermost layer. Taking advantage of the Research Platform R/P FLIP as a `laboratory at sea', here we present first-of-their-kind thermal and polarimetric camera-based observations of wave orbital velocities and mean shear flows in the upper centimetres of the ocean surface layer. Measurements reveal a well-defined logarithmic layer as seen in laboratory measurements and described by classical surface layer theory; however, substantial spread of observations is found at low levels of wind forcing, where the Stokes drift of swell may have a substantial impact on the near-surface current profile. A novel application of short time window Fourier transforms allows for the estimation of near-surface wave orbital velocity magnitudes. These are found to be in general agreement with the prescriptions of linear wave theory, although observations diverge from theory at high levels of wind forcing where the interface is subject to surface wave breaking. Finally, the surface gravity wave phase-coherent short wave growth is presented and discussed in the context of hydrodynamic wave and airflow modulation.
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