Real-Time Interaction and Cost Estimating within Immersive Virtual Environments

The architecture, engineering, and construction industry has increased the adoption of virtual reality (VR) tools and applications in recent years. VR is an extremely versatile tool for creating an environment through data entry. This paper addresses design-change issues during the preliminary design phase and leverages end-user satisfaction through the use of collaborative functions in a VR environment for material cost estimation. In this regard, the research proposes a VR-based framework for interior finish material selection, incorporating both visual aesthetics and associated cost impacts. A systematic approach for converting building information models into interactive VR models is presented. The output of this system is validated in a case study where through an interactive and immersive environment, stakeholders can interact with the three-dimensional model and visually receive an updated cost estimate in real time. The proposed approach can effectively assist different stakeholders in selecting their desired interior finish materials and change orders. The basis of the developed model benefits and practical applications such as end-user design involvement, end-user satisfaction, and reduction of design changes are further discussed throughout the paper. (C) 2019 American Society of Civil Engineers.