Metal cutting lubricants and cutting tools: a review on the performance improvement and sustainability assessment

The quality enhancement during massive production of the traditional machining products is a risky challenge when the cost and environmental impact must be considered. The tool life, material recycling, energy consumption, space, and environmental pollution are the direct and indirect factors to increase the cost during different machining processes. Treatment of cooling liquids to be eco-friendly and cheaper, and machining tools to enhance their surface morphology and increase their lives are the keys of the sustainable machining. This paper reviews the sustainability evaluation and the performance of different types of cooling fluids and lubricants, and surface texture modification of tool surfaces and their effects on the machining outputs and environment as well.