期刊
GISCIENCE & REMOTE SENSING
卷 57, 期 2, 页码 190-206出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/15481603.2020.1712100
关键词
Forest fires; gaseous pollutants; in-situ observation; WRF-Chem and Dehradun
资金
- ISRO-Geosphere Biosphere Program
Widespread forest fire events occurred in the foothills of North Western Himalaya during 24 April to 2 May 2016 (Event-1) and 20-30 May 2018 (Event-2). Their impacts were investigated on the distribution of pollutant gases ozone (O-3), carbon monoxide (CO), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) over Uttarakhand using simulations of Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with chemistry (WRF-Chem) and in-situ observations of these gases over Dehradun, the capital of Uttarakhand. During Event-1, the observed CO mixing ratio over Dehradun increased from 25 April 2016 onwards, attained maximum (705.8 +/- 258 ppbv) on 2 May 2016 and subsequently decreased. The rate of increase of daily baseline CO was 29 ppbv/day during HFAP (High Fire Activity Period). During Event-2, daily average concentrations of CO, O-3, and NOx showed systematic increase over Dehradun during HFAP period. The rate of increase of CO was 9 ppbv/day, while it was very small for NOx and O-3. To quantitatively estimate the influence of forest fire emissions, two WRF-Chem simulations were made: one with biomass burning (BB) emissions and other without BB emissions. These simulations showed 52% (34%) enhancement in CO, 52% (32%) enhancement in NOx, and 11% (9%) enhancement in O-3 during HFAP for Event-1 (Event-2). A clear positive correlation (r = 0.89 for Event-1, r = 0.69 for Event-2) was found between increment O-3 (O-3with BB minus O-3without BB) and increment CO (COwith BB minus COwithout BB), indicating rapid production of ozone in the fire plumes. For both the events, the vertical distribution of increment O-3, increment CO, and increment NOx showed that forest fire emissions influenced the air quality upto 6.5 km altitude. Peaks in increment O-3, increment CO, and increment NOx during different days suggested the role of varying dispersion and horizontal mixing of fire plumes.
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