期刊
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
卷 175, 期 -, 页码 309-314出版社
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2014.10.101
关键词
Anaerobic sludge; Graphene oxide; Methanogenesis; Redox mediator; Sulfate reduction
资金
- Council of Science and Technology of Mexico [SEP-CB-2008-01-105920, SEP-CONACYT 155656]
Graphene oxide (GO) is reported for the first time as electron shuttle to increase the redox conversion of the azo compound, reactive red 2 (RR2, 0.5 mM), and the nitroaromatic, 3-chloronitrobenzene (3CNB, 0.5 mM). GO (5 mg L-1) increased 10-fold and 7.6-fold the reduction rate of RR2 and 3CNB, respectively, in abiotic incubations with sulfide (2.6 mM) as electron donor. GO also increased by 2-fold and 3.6-fold, the microbial reduction rate of RR2 by anaerobic sludge under methanogenic and sulfate-reducing conditions, respectively. Deep characterization of GO showed that it has a proper size distribution (predominantly between 450 and 700 nm) and redox potential (+50.8 mV) to promote the reduction of RR2 and 3CNB. Further analysis revealed that biogenic sulfide plays a major role on the GO-mediated reduction of RR2. GO is proposed as an electron shuttle to accelerate the redox conversion of recalcitrant pollutants, such as nitro-benzenes and azo dyes. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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