期刊
EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF NEUROSCIENCE
卷 53, 期 1, 页码 114-125出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ejn.14641
关键词
acetylcholine; animal models of depression; anxiety; cholinergic systems; depressive disorders
资金
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [AA027473]
- National Institute of Mental Health [MH077681]
- National Institute on Drug Abuse [DA036151, DA050986, DA14241]
Optimal acetylcholine (ACh) signaling is crucial for sustained attention, learning, and memory, while excessively high levels of cholinergic signaling may lead to negative encoding bias, contributing to symptoms of depression and anxiety.
Optimal acetylcholine (ACh) signaling is important for sustained attention and facilitates learning and memory. At the same time, human and animal studies have demonstrated increased levels of ACh in the brain during depressive episodes and increased symptoms of anxiety, depression, and reactivity to stress when ACh breakdown is impaired. While it is possible that the neuromodulatory roles of ACh in cognitive and affective processes are distinct, one possibility is that homeostatic levels of ACh signaling are necessary for appropriate learning, but overly high levels of cholinergic signaling promote encoding of stressful events, leading to the negative encoding bias that is a core symptom of depression. In this review, we outline this hypothesis and suggest potential neural pathways and underlying mechanisms that may support a role for ACh signaling in negative encoding bias.
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