期刊
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
卷 54, 期 6, 页码 3245-3255出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b06526
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资金
- National Science Foundation [1805058, 1652412]
- Directorate For Engineering
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys [1805058] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Chem, Bioeng, Env, & Transp Sys
- Directorate For Engineering [1652412] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Sunlight plays an important role in transforming effluent organic matter as wastewater effluents travel downstream, but the corresponding effects on the formation of haloacetonitriles (HANs), a group of toxic disinfection byproducts, in wastewater-impacted surface water have not been thoroughly investigated. In this study, we observed that sunlight preferentially attenuated the formation potential of bromochloroacetonitrile (BCAN-FP) over that of dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN-FP) in chlorine- and UV-disinfected secondary effluents. For four effluent samples from different plants, 36 h of irradiation by simulated sunlight removed 28-33% of DCAN-FP and 41-48% of BCAN-FP. Across a larger set of effluent samples (n = 18) , 8 h of irradiation (equivalent to 2-3 d of natural sunlight) decreased the calculated cytotoxicity contributed by dihaloacetonitrile-FP in most samples. Similar behavior was observed for a mixture of wastewater and surface water (volume ratio 1:1). For UV-disinfected effluents, the higher the UV dose, the more likely was there a reduction in DCAN-FP and BCAN-FP in the subsequent sunlight irradiation. Experiments with model compounds showed that fulvic acid and UV photoproducts of tryptophan yield excited triplet-state organic matters during sunlight irradiation and play an important role in promoting the attenuation of HAN precursors.
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