期刊
EARTH AND PLANETARY SCIENCE LETTERS
卷 529, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.epsl.2019.115865
关键词
Eocene; astrochronology; astronomical forcing; IODP 369; Mentelle Basin
资金
- ERC Consolidator Grant EarthSequencing [617462]
- NERC UK-IODP grant [NE/R012350/1]
- NERC [NE/R012490/1]
- CNRS
- National Science Foundation [OCE - 1326927]
- NERC [NE/R012350/1, NE/P013112/1, NE/R012490/1, NE/R012261/1] Funding Source: UKRI
The geologic time scale for the Cenozoic Era has been notably improved over the last decades by virtue of integrated stratigraphy, combining high-resolution astrochronologies, biostratigraphy and magnetostratigraphy with high-precision radioisotopic dates. However, the middle Eocene remains a weak link. The so-called Eocene time scale gap reflects the scarcity of suitable study sections with clear astronomically-forced variations in carbonate content, primarily because large parts of the oceans were starved of carbonate during the Eocene greenhouse. International Ocean Discovery Program (IODP) Expedition 369 cored a carbonate-rich sedimentary sequence of Eocene age in the Mentelle Basin (Site 131514, offshore southwest Australia). The sequence consists of nannofossil chalk and exhibits rhythmic clay content variability. Here, we show that IODP Site U1514 allows for the extraction of an astronomical signal and the construction of an Eocene astrochronology, using 3-cm resolution X-Ray fluorescence (XRF) core scans. The XRF-derived ratio between calcium and iron content (Ca/Fe) tracks the lithologic variability and serves as the basis for our U1514 astrochronology. We present a 16 million-year-long (40-56 Ma) nearly continuous history of Eocene sedimentation with variations paced by eccentricity and obliquity. We supplement the high-resolution XRF data with low-resolution bulk carbon and oxygen isotopes, recording the long-term cooling trend from the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM - ca. 56 Ma) into the middle Eocene (ca. 40 Ma). Our early Eocene astrochronology corroborates existing chronologies based on deep-sea sites and Italian land sections. For the middle Eocene, the sedimentological record at U1514 provides a single-site geochemical backbone and thus offers a further step towards a fully integrated Cenozoic geologic time scale at orbital resolution. (C) 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V.
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