期刊
DEVELOPMENT
卷 147, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
COMPANY BIOLOGISTS LTD
DOI: 10.1242/dev.183095
关键词
X chromosome inactivation; Human; Germline; Embryo; XIST; XACT; Pluripotent stem cells
资金
- Qlife grant (Universite de Recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres)
- Human Developmental Cell Atlas program (Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale)
- EU 'EpiGeneSys' Network of Excellence (FP7 Health) [HEALTH-F4-2010-257082]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche [ANR-14-CE10-0017]
- Ligue Contre le Cancer
- LabEx Who AmI? [ANR-11-LABX-0071]
- Universitede Paris IdEx - French Government through its 'Investments for the Future' program [ANR-18-IDEX-0001]
- Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) [ANR-14-CE10-0017] Funding Source: Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR)
X chromosome inactivation (XCI) is a key developmental process taking place in female mammals to compensate for the imbalance in the dosage of X-chromosomal genes between sexes. It is a formidable example of concerted gene regulation and a paradigm for epigenetic processes. Although XCI has been substantially deciphered in the mouse model, how this process is initiated in humans has long remained unexplored. However, recent advances in the experimental capacity to access human embryonic-derived material and in the laws governing ethical considerations of human em bryonic research have allowed us to enlighten this black box. Here, we will summarize the current knowledge of human XCI, mainly based on the analyses of embryos derived from in vitro fertilization and of pluripotent stem cells, and highlight any unanswered questions.
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