期刊
CLINICAL ORAL IMPLANTS RESEARCH
卷 31, 期 3, 页码 274-281出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/clr.13568
关键词
dental implants; histology; inflammation; macrophages; nitric oxide synthase; Peri-implantitis; periodontitis
资金
- Osteology Foundation Research Scholars Program
Objectives The mechanisms involved in the initiation and progression of peri-implantitis lesions are poorly understood. It was the aim to determine the content and activation status of macrophages present in human peri-implantitis lesions and compare the current findings with the macrophage polarization associated with periodontitis lesions. Material and Methods A total of 14 patients were studied in this investigation. Seven were soft tissue biopsies from dental implants affected by peri-implantitis that required explantation. Seven biopsies were from chronic periodontal disease. Immunofluorescence stains were performed using biomarkers to identify macrophages (CD68(+)) undergoing M1 polarization (iNOS(+)) and M2 polarization (CD206(+)), along with Hoechst 33,342 to identify DNA content. All samples were stained and photographed, and double-positive cells for CD68 and iNOS or CD68 and CD206 were quantified. Results All peri-implantitis biopsies examined revealed a mixed population of macrophages undergoing M1 polarization and M2 polarization. Further analysis demonstrated the co-expression of iNOS and CD206, which indicates the presence of a heterogenic immune response on peri-implantitis lesions. Macrophage polarization in peri-implantitis lesions presents a distinct pattern than in periodontitis. We observed a significant increase in the population of M1 macrophages on peri-implantitis samples compared to periodontal disease samples. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that peri-implantitis has higher numbers of macrophages displaying a distinct macrophage M1 polarization signature compared to periodontitis lesions. This pattern may explain, in part, the distinct nature of peri-implantitis progression vs. periodontitis in humans.
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