期刊
CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH
卷 26, 期 6, 页码 1349-1358出版社
AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH
DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-19-1068
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资金
- National Institutes of Health Duke Brain SPORE Developmental Research Program
- Medical Scientist Training Program at Duke University School of Medicine
Purpose: The success of checkpoint blockade against glioblastoma (GBM) has been disappointing. Anti-PD-1 strategies may be hampered by severe T-cell exhaustion. We sought to develop a strategy that might license new efficacy for checkpoint blockade in GBM. Experimental Design: We characterized 4-1BB expression in tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) from human GBM. We implanted murine tumor models including glioma (CT2A), melanoma (B16), breast (E0771), and lung carcinomas intracranially and subcutaneously, characterized 4-1BB expression, and tested checkpoint blockade strategies in vivo. Results: Our data reveal that 4-1BB is frequently present on nonexhausted CD8(+) TILs in human and murine GBM. In murine gliomas, 4-1BB agonism and PD-1 blockade demonstrate a synergistic survival benefit in a CD8(+) T-cell-dependent manner. The combination decreases TIL exhaustion and improves TIL functionality. This strategy proves most successful against intracranial CT2A gliomas. Efficacy in all instances correlates with the levels of 4-1BB expression on CD8(+) TILs, rather than with histology or with intracranial versus subcutaneous tumor location. Proffering 4-1BB expression to T cells licenses combination 4-1BB agonism and PD-1 blockade in models where TIL 4-1BB levels had previously been low and the treatment ineffective. Conclusions: Although poor T-cell activation and severe T-cell exhaustion appear to be limiting factors for checkpoint blockade in GBM, 4-1BB agonism obviates these limitations and produces longterm survival when combined with anti-PD-1 therapy. Furthermore, this combination therapy is limited by TIL 4-1BB expression, but not by the intracranial compartment, and therefore may be particularly well-suited to GBM.
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