Impact of B-cell impairment on virus dynamics with time delay and two modes of transmission

This paper formulates and analyzes a virus dynamics model with impairment of B-cell functions. The model includes two modes of viral transmission, cell-free and cell-to-cell. The cell-free and cell-cell incidence rates are modeled by general nonlinear functions. We integrate both latently and actively infected cells as well as three time delays into the model. Nonnegativity and boundedness properties of the solutions are proven to show the well-posedness of the model. The model admits two equilibria which are determined by the basic reproduction number R-0(G). The global stability of each equilibrium is proven by utilizing Lyapunov function and applying LaSalle's invariance principle. The theoretical results are illustrated by numerical simulations. The effect of impairment of B-cell functions on the virus dynamics is studied. We have shown that if the functions of B-cell are impaired, then the concentration of viruses is increased in the plasma. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.