Modeling of a Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system and its mechanism routes from periodic to quasiperiodic, chaos and strong chaos

In this paper, the important role of 3D Euler equation playing in forced-dissipative chaotic systems is reviewed. In mathematics, rigid-body dynamics, the structure of symplectic manifold, and fluid dynamics, building a four-dimensional (4D) Euler equation is essential. A 4D Euler equation is proposed by combining two generalized Euler equations of 3D rigid bodies with two common axes. In chaos-based secure communications, generating a Hamiltonian conservative chaotic system is significant for its advantage over the dissipative chaotic system in terms of ergodicity, distribution of probability, and fractional dimensions. Based on the proposed 4D Euler equation, a 4D Hamiltonian chaotic system is proposed. Through proof, only center and saddle equilibrium lines exist, hence it is not possible to produce asymptotical attractor generated from the proposed conservative system. An analytic form of Casimir power demonstrates that the breaking of Casimir energy conservation is the key factor that the system produces the aperiodic orbits: quasiperiodic orbit and chaos. The system has strong pseudo-randomness with a large positive Lyapunov exponent (more than 10 K), and a large state amplitude and energy. The bandwidth for the power spectral density of the system is 500 times that of both existing dissipative and conservative systems. The mechanism routes from quasiperiodic orbits to chaos is studied using the Hamiltonian energy bifurcation and Poincare map. A circuit is implemented to verify the existence of the conservative chaos. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.