期刊
ACTA OTO-LARYNGOLOGICA
卷 140, 期 2, 页码 149-156出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/00016489.2019.1700304
关键词
Nasal epithelial cells; innate immunity; influenza virus; tryptophan; kynurenine; IDO
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology [MOST 106-2314-B-002-119]
Background: Nasal epithelial cells are the first site of encounter of the influenza virus, and their innate immune response might define subsequent inflammatory direction. Aims/objectives: We used metabolomics analysis to identify metabolic changes and the regulation of inflammatory cytokines in nasal epithelial cells upon influenza virus infection. Material and methods: We cultured nasal epithelial cells using air-liquid interface (ALI) model. Influenza virus (PR8) infection followed by metabolomic analysis was performed. Furthermore, cytokine expression was analyzed by cytokine array and RT-qPCR. Results: Metabolomic analysis revealed depletion of the tryptophan and accumulation of its metabolite, kynurenine, within 48 h. The major enzyme involved in the tryptophan metabolic pathway, indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), was overexpressed after infection. Cytokine expression array after infection showed increased levels of IL-1 alpha, CCL2, IL-6, CXCL10, CCL5, and CXCL11, and after using 1-methyltryptophan (1-MT) as inhibitor, the expression levels of IL-6 and G-CSF were reduced.
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