期刊
ACS NANO
卷 14, 期 1, 页码 1141-1147出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b09067
关键词
aromatic; benzene; graphene; scanning tunneling microscope; chemical vapor deposition; in situ
类别
资金
- Air Force Office of Scientific Research (AFOSR) [FA9550-14-1-0106, FA9550-18-1-0050]
- AFOSR Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP) [FA2386-13-1-3018]
- Office of Naval Research [N00014-12-1-0518]
- National Science Foundation [NSF-EAR 1522560, 1563427]
- UCLA Eugene V. Cota Robles Fellowship
- Directorate For Engineering [1563427] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Div Of Civil, Mechanical, & Manufact Inn [1563427] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Using a combination of in situ ultrahigh-vacuum variable-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy, ex situ Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy, we investigated the growth of graphene using benzene on Pd(111) at temperatures up to 1100 K. Benzene adsorbs readily on Pd(111) at room temperature and forms an ordered super-structure upon annealing at 473 K. Exposure to benzene at 673 K enhances Pd step motion and yields primarily amorphous carbon upon cooling to room temperature. Monolayer graphene domains, 10-30 nm in size, appear during annealing this sample at 873 K. Dosing benzene at 1100 K results in graphene domains with varying degrees of crystallinity, while post-deposition annealing at 1100 K for 1200 s yields monolayer graphene domains larger than 150 x 150 nm(2). Our results, which indicate that graphene growth on Pd(111) using benzene requires deposition/annealing temperatures higher than 673 K, are in striking contrast with the reported growth of graphene using benzene at temperatures as low as 373 K on relatively inert Cu surfaces.
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