期刊
ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES
卷 12, 期 8, 页码 9555-9562出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00981
关键词
organic solar cells; nonfullerene acceptors; carbazole; fluorine effect; fully alkylated side chains
资金
- China Scholarship Council (CSC) via the CSC Imperial Scholarship
- Daphne Jackson Trust - RSC
- Daphne Jackson Trust - EPSRC
- Global Research Laboratory Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF) - Ministry of Science, ICT & Future Planning [NRF-2017K1A1A2013153]
- Royal Society
- Wolfson Foundation
- National Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [21975176]
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST)
- DOE Office of Science [DE-SC0012704]
- International Synchrotron Access Program (ISAP) [AS/IA192/15608]
- Australian Government
Two fused ladder-type nonfullerene acceptors, DTCCIC and DTCCIC-4F, based on an electron-donating alkylated dithienocyclopentacarbazole core flanked by electron-withdrawing nonfluorinated or fluorinated 1,1-dicyanomethylene-3-indanone (IC or IC-4F), are prepared and utilized in organic solar cells (OSCs). The two new molecules reveal planar structures and strong aggregation behavior, and fluorination is shown to red-shift the optical band gap and downshift energy levels. OSCs based on DTCCIC-4F exhibit a power conversion efficiency of 12.6%, much higher than that of DTCCIC-based devices (6.2%). Microstructural studies reveal that while both acceptors are highly crystalline, bulk heterojunction blends based on the nonfluorinated DTCCIC result in overly coarse domains, while blends based on the fluorinated DTCCIC-4F exhibit a more optimal nanoscale morphology. These results highlight the importance of end group fluorination in controlling molecular aggregation and miscibility.
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