期刊
BIOMOLECULES
卷 9, 期 12, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/biom9120769
关键词
RKIP; tumour microenvironment; inflammation; immunomodulation
资金
- FEDER funds through the Operational Programme Competitiveness Factors - COMPETE [PTDC/MED-ONC/31423/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-031423]
- National Funds through FCT - Foundation for Science and Technology [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000013 andNORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000023]
- Northern Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020)
- European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) [SFRH/BD/141200/2018, SFRH/BD/148199/2019]
- FCT
- [NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000023]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/MED-ONC/31423/2017, SFRH/BD/148199/2019, SFRH/BD/141200/2018] Funding Source: FCT
Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP), an important modulator of intracellular signalling pathways, is commonly downregulated in multiple cancers. This reduction, or loss of expression, is correlated not only with the presence of metastasis, contributing to RKIP's classification as a metastasis suppressor, but also with tumour aggressiveness and poor prognosis. Recent findings suggest a strong involvement of RKIP in the modulation of tumour microenvironment components, particularly by controlling the infiltration of specific immune cells and secretion of pro-metastatic factors. Additionally, RKIP interaction with multiple signalling molecules seems to potentiate its function as a regulator of inflammatory processes, mainly through stimulation of anti- or pro-inflammatory cytokines. Furthermore, RKIP is involved in the modulation of immunotherapeutic drugs response, through diverse mechanisms that sensitize cells to apoptosis. In the present review, we will provide updated information about the role of RKIP as an inflammatory and immune modulator and its potential implications in cancer will be addressed.
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