期刊
ADVANCED SCIENCE
卷 7, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901609
关键词
free-electrons; graphene; metamaterials; nanophotonics; plasmons; X-ray sources
资金
- Binational USA-Israel Science Foundation (BSF)
- Royal Society
- Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS
- Advanced Manufacturing and Engineering Young Individual Research Grant from the Science and Engineering Research Council of the Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore [A1984c0043]
- Swiss National Science Foundation [200020-165686]
- Azrieli Faculty Fellowship
- European Research Council
- Israel Science Foundation
- Army Research Office through the Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies [W911NF-18-2-0048, W911NF-13-D-0001]
- Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF) [200020_165686] Funding Source: Swiss National Science Foundation (SNF)
The interaction of electrons with strong electromagnetic fields is fundamental to the ability to design high-quality radiation sources. At the core of all such sources is a tradeoff between compactness and higher output radiation intensities. Conventional photonic devices are limited in size by their operating wavelength, which helps compactness at the cost of a small interaction area. Here, plasmonic modes supported by multilayer graphene metamaterials are shown to provide a larger interaction area with the electron beam, while also tapping into the extreme confinement of graphene plasmons to generate high-frequency photons with relatively low-energy electrons available from tabletop sources. For 5 MeV electrons, a metamaterial of 50 layers and length 50 mu m, and a beam current of 1.7 mu A, it is, for instance, possible to generate X-rays of intensity 1.5 x 10(7) photons sr(-1) s(-1) 1%BW, 580 times more than for a single-layer design. The frequency of the driving laser dynamically tunes the photon emission spectrum. This work demonstrates a unique free-electron light source, wherein the electron mean free path in a given material is longer than the device length, relaxing the requirements of complex electron beam systems and potentially paving the way to high-yield, compact, and tunable X-ray sources.
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