Long-term outcomes of percutaneous coronary intervention in grafts and native vessels in coronary artery bypass grafting patients with diabetes mellitus

Background; Atherosclerosis in diabetic patients progresses fast. Evidence on how to choose target vessels of percutaneous coronary interventions (PCIs) in diabetic patients post-coronary artery bypass graft (post-CABG) is insufficient. Methods: One hundred and fifty-seven patients with diabetes and previous CABG, who underwent PCI of either a graft vessel (GV) (n=44) or a native vessel (NV) (n = 113) in the National Center for Cardiovascular Disease, China, were studied. In-hospital and long-term clinical outcomes were compared between the groups. Results: Diabetic patients with prior CABC had more PCI to native arteries, but the proportion of grafts PCI increased as time went on. Both groups had similar baseline characteristics. Group GV patients compared with group NV had more totally occluded NVs, less totally occluded grafts and more in-stent restenosis. However, there was no difference in in-hospital mortality and long-term incidence of major adverse cardiac event (MACE), cardiac death, nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI), or revascularization. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that PCI success [hazard ratio (HR), 11.488; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1 .135-116.303; P<0.05] was independent predictor of MACE. Conclusions: It suggested similar long-term clinical outcomes after PCI in GV or NV in prior CABG patients with diabetes. Thus, the vessel with higher estimated PCI success rate should be prioritized by operators.