期刊
FRONTIERS IN CELLULAR AND INFECTION MICROBIOLOGY
卷 9, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2019.00362
关键词
HIV-1; Ctip2; microglial cells; reservoirs; latency; brain
资金
- Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA (ANRS)
- Sidaction
- Belgian Fund for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS, Belgium)
- Fondation Roi Baudouin
- NEAT program (Networking to Enhance the Use of Economics in Animal Health Education, Research and Policy Making)
- Walloon Region (Fonds de Maturation)
- Les Amis des Instituts Pasteur a Bruxelles
- asbl.
- University of Brussels [Action de Recherche Concertee (ARC) grant]
- University College Dublin
- European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme [691119-EU4HIVCURE-H2020-MSCA-RISE-2015]
Despite efficient combination of the antiretroviral therapy (cART), which significantly decreased mortality and morbidity of HIV-1 infection, a definitive HIV cure has not been achieved. Hidden HIV-1 in cellular and anatomic reservoirs is the major hurdle toward a functional cure. Microglial cells, the Central Nervous system (CNS) resident macrophages, are one of the major cellular reservoirs of latent HIV-1. These cells are believed to be involved in the emergence of drugs resistance and reseeding peripheral tissues. Moreover, these long-life reservoirs are also involved in the development of HIV-1-associated neurocognitive diseases (HAND). Clearing these infected cells from the brain is therefore crucial to achieve a cure. However, many characteristics of microglial cells and the CNS hinder the eradication of these brain reservoirs. Better understandings of the specific molecular mechanisms of HIV-1 latency in microglial cells should help to design new molecules and new strategies preventing HAND and achieving HIV cure. Moreover, new strategies are needed to circumvent the limitations associated to anatomical sanctuaries with barriers such as the blood brain barrier (BBB) that reduce the access of drugs.
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