期刊
NATURE CLIMATE CHANGE
卷 9, 期 12, 页码 993-+出版社
NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41558-019-0613-7
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资金
- NASA (USA)
- BEIS (UK)
- NOAA (USA)
- BoM (Australia)
- NILU (Norway), SNU (Korea), CMA (China), NIES (Japan)
- Urbino University (Italy)
- MINEC-Spain
- European Commission ERDF Ramon y Cajal grant [RYC-201620269]
- Programa Propio from UPM
- Comunidad de Madrid (Spain) [AGRISOST-CM S2018/BAA-4330, 76810]
- European Commission
- Environment Research and Technology Development Fund [2-1802]
- Ministry of the Environment, Japan
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
- NERC [nceo020004, nceo020005] Funding Source: UKRI
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is the third most important long-lived GHG and an important stratospheric ozone depleting substance. Agricultural practices and the use of N-fertilizers have greatly enhanced emissions of N2O. Here, we present estimates of N2O emissions determined from three global atmospheric inversion frameworks during the period 1998-2016. We find that global N2O emissions increased substantially from 2009 and at a faster rate than estimated by the IPCC emission factor approach. The regions of East Asia and South America made the largest contributions to the global increase. From the inversion-based emissions, we estimate a global emission factor of 2.3 +/- 0.6%, which is significantly larger than the IPCC Tier-1 default for combined direct and indirect emissions of 1.375%. The larger emission factor and accelerating emission increase found from the inversions suggest that N2O emission may have a nonlinear response at global and regional scales with high levels of N-input.
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