期刊
NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
卷 10, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
NATURE PORTFOLIO
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12626-3
关键词
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资金
- U. S. Department of Energy (DOE), Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Vehicle Technologies Office
- DOE Office of Science [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFB0700600]
- Guangdong Innovation Team Project [2013N080]
- Soft Science Research Project of Guangdong Province [2017B030301013]
- Shenzhen Science and Technology Research Grants [ZDSYS201707281026184]
- U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences [DE-AC02-06CH11357]
- NSF [CBET-1805938]
Historically long accepted to be the singular root cause of capacity fading, transition metal dissolution has been reported to severely degrade the anode. However, its impact on the cathode behavior remains poorly understood. Here we show the correlation between capacity fading and phase/surface stability of an LiMn2O4 cathode. It is revealed that a combination of structural transformation and transition metal dissolution dominates the cathode capacity fading. LiMn2O4 exhibits irreversible phase transitions driven by manganese(III) disproportionation and Jahn-Teller distortion, which in conjunction with particle cracks results in serious manganese dissolution. Meanwhile, fast manganese dissolution in turn triggers irreversible structural evolution, and as such, forms a detrimental cycle constantly consuming active cathode components. Furthermore, lithium-rich LiMn2O4 with lithium/manganese disorder and surface reconstruction could effectively suppress the irreversible phase transition and manganese dissolution. These findings close the loop of understanding capacity fading mechanisms and allow for development of longer life batteries.
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