期刊
TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE
卷 114, 期 3, 页码 213-221出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trz106
关键词
Brazil; co-infection; HIV; illicit drug use; prevalence; risk factors
资金
- Ministerio da Saude/Secretaria de Vigilancia em Saude [MS/SVS-TC 318/2013]
- Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico (CNPQ) [475142/2013-6]
- Chair in Addiction, Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto
Background: People who use illicit drugs (PWUDs) have a high risk of viral infections. To date, there is a paucity of information on HIV infection among PWUDs in remote Brazilian regions. This study determined the prevalence and factors associated with HIV-1 infection among PWUDs in northern Brazil. Methods: Sociodemographic, economic, drug use and health-related information were collected through interviews from a community-recruited, multi-site sample of 1753 PWUDs. The blood samples collected were tested for the presence of HIV-1 using chemiluminescence immunoassay and PCR or western blotting. Logistic regressions identified factors independently associated with HIV-1 infection. Results: In total, 266 (15.2%) PWUDs were HIV-1 positive. Hepatitis B virus and/or hepatitis C virus nucleic acid was detected in 65 (3.7%) PWUDs infected by HIV-1. The factors associated with HIV-1 infection were male gender, older age, a lower educational level and a lower income, crack cocaine use, a longer drug use history and a history of drug injection and engagement in unsafe sex, sex work and a higher number of sexual partners. Conclusions: The current study provides unique, initial insights into HIV and co-infection status and pertinent risk factors among PWUDs in northern Brazil, with clear and diverse implications for urgently improved prevention and treatment intervention needs.
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