Analysis of Parafoveal Microvascular Abnormalities in Behcet's Uveitis Using Projection-Resolved Optical Coherence Tomographic Angiography

Purpose: To assess the characteristics of parafoveal microvascular abnormalities in Behcet's uveitis (BDU) using projection-resolved optical coherence tomographic angiography (PR-OCTA). Methods: A retrospective study of BDU patients who underwent PR-OCTA examination between April 1, 2017 and October 31, 2018. Results: Sixty consecutive BDU patients (102 eyes) were included. Sixty-two (124 eyes) healthy subjects served as normal controls (NCs). As compared with NCs, the vessel densities (VDs) of superficial and deep retinal capillary plexuses were decreased, and the fovea avascular zone area, perimeter and acircularity index were increased in BDU eyes (all p < .001). Macular edema (p < .001) and long uveitis course (p = .033) were identified as risk factors for capillary disruptions. Consistent VD reductions were observed in the quiescent fellow eyes of BDU patients during unilateral uveitis relapse. Conclusions: BDU patients had significant OCTA changes. Macular circulatory disturbances may exist in the quiescent fellow eyes during unilateral BDU attack.

Automated summary

Behcet's uveitis (BDU) patients exhibit significant changes in retinal vascular imaging, with potential risk factors for visual impairment. During unilateral BDU attacks, the degree of capillary reduction in the fellow eye correlates with the severity of the ocular disease.