期刊
JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY
卷 310, 期 3, 页码 232-245出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12743
关键词
activity patterns; camera trapping; coexistence; spatial overlap; human disturbance; protected areas; predator-prey systems
类别
资金
- Pollino National Park
- Department of Life Sciences of the University of Siena
Assessing the spatiotemporal overlap amongst animal species living in sympatry helps to shed light on mechanisms of interspecific coexistence. We analysed the spatiotemporal coexistence in a predator-prey system through multiyear camera trapping, in a mountainous protected area of southern Italy (January 2012-January 2017). Temporal activity patterns and their interspecific overlap, as well as spatial overlap, were estimated for a top predator, that is the wolf Canis lupus, three species of wild ungulates, four mesocarnivores, one small herbivore, livestock and humans. A wide nocturnal temporal overlap was detected between the wolf and almost all the other species (71-91%). The highest temporal (91%) and spatial (63%) overlaps were reported between the wolf and the red fox Vulpes vulpes. For wolf-ungulate pairs, the highest temporal overlap (88%) was reported for the wild boar Sus scrofa, its local main prey. Considering all the other species pairs, spatial overlap was low (i.e. lower than 45%), whereas temporal overlap was substantial (71-91%). Our findings support a significant role of interspecific spatial partitioning in shaping coexistence amongst considered species, which might be influenced by differences in spatial distribution of different food resources.
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