期刊
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
卷 67, 期 45, 页码 12374-12381出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04664
关键词
imidacloprid; acetamiprid; thiamethoxam; translocation; translocation factor; root concentration factor
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2016YFD0200201]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31772175, 31621064]
The uptake, distribution, metabolism, and degradation of three neonicotinoid insecticides (NIs)-imidacloprid (IMI), acetamiprid (ACE), and thiamethoxam (THI) in different parts of cotton plants were investigated under field conditions. Insecticides were either applied by foliar spraying or root irrigation. Foliar application resulted in high tissue concentration (average tissue concentration ratio, TCR: 46.78-68.61% for leaves and 12.2-31.40% for flowers). The flowers showed high NI residual. The metabolism and trends of NIs in different parts of cotton were reported here for the first time. Metabolites, toxic to bees, were detected in the flowers. The translocation factor was around 0.004 for the spray treatment and 0.2-0.7 for the root irrigation treatment. The average root concentration factors of IMI, ACE, and THI were 0.838, 8.027, and 1.014, respectively, indicating that the three NIs can be transported from the soil to the plant. The high concentrations of NIs and their metabolites in flowers indicate exposure risk to pollinators, such as bees.
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