Analytics and Bikes: Riding Tandem with Motivate to Improve Mobility

Bike-sharing systems are now ubiquitous across the United States. We have worked with Motivate, the operator of the systems in, for example, New York, Chicago, and San Francisco, to both innovate a data-driven approach to managing their day-to-day operations and provide insight on several central issues in the design of its systems. This work required the development of a number of new optimization models, characterization of their mathematical structure, and use of this insight in designing algorithms to solve them. Here, we focus on two particularly high-impact projects: an initiative to improve the allocation of docks to stations and the creation of an incentive scheme to crowdsource rebalancing. Both of these projects have been fully implemented to improve the performance of Motivate's systems across the country; for example, the Bike Angels program in New York City yields a system-wide improvement comparable with that obtained through Motivate's traditional rebalancing efforts at far less financial and environmental cost.