4.6 Article

Current Spreading Length and Injection Efficiency in ZnO/GaN-Based Light-Emitting Diodes

期刊

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ELECTRON DEVICES
卷 66, 期 11, 页码 4811-4816

出版社

IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC
DOI: 10.1109/TED.2019.2942183

关键词

Zinc oxide; II-VI semiconductor materials; Light emitting diodes; Gallium nitride; Electrodes; Heterojunctions; Fabrication; Chemical-bath deposition (CBD); contact injection; current spreading length; zinc oxide (ZnO) nanorods; ZnO; GaN-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs); ZnO; GaN heterostructures

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We report on carrier injection features in light-emitting diodes (LEDs) based on nonintentionally doped-ZnO/p-GaN heterostructures. These LEDs consist of a ZnO layer grown by chemical-bath deposition (CBD) onto a p-GaN template without using any seed layer. The ZnO layer (similar to 1-mu m thickness) consists of a dense collection of partially coalesced ZnO nanorods, organized in wurtzite phase with marked vertical orientation, whose density depends on the concentration of the solution during the CBD process. Due to the limited conductivity of the p-GaN layer, the recombination in the n-region is strongly dependent on the spreading length of the holes, L-h, coming from the p-contact. Moreover, the evaluation of L-h is not easy and generally requires the design and the fabrication of several LED test patterns. We propose a simple and effective method to calculate L-h, just based on simple considerations on I-V characteristics, and a way to improve the injection efficiency in the n region based on a noncircular electrode geometry. In particular, an interdigitated electrode structure is proved to be more efficient in terms of hole injection from n- to p-region.

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