miR-7 Reduces High Glucose Induced-damage via HoxB3 and PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathways in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells

Background: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a common complication of diabetes. This study investigated the effect of miR-7 in the regulation of cell proliferation via the HoxB3 gene and PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathways in DR. Methods: Human retinal pigment epithelial cell line (ARPE-19) cultured in normal medium (Control) and high glucose medium (25mM glucose, HG) was transfected with mimics NC (HG+ mimics NC), miR-7 mimics (HG+miR-7 mimics), inhibitor NC (HG+ inhibitor NC), and miR-inhibitor (HG+miR-7 inhibitor). The cells were assayed for viability, apoptosis, and expression of genes. Results: HG reduced cell viability and increased apoptosis. However, miR-7 mimics reduced the apoptosis. PCR results showed that miR-7 was significantly upregulated after transfection with miR-7 mimics. The expression of Hoxb3, mTOR, p-PI3K, and p-AKT was significantly downregulated at mRNA and protein levels after miR-7 mimics transfection, while no difference was observed for PI3K and AKT expression. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate that miR-7 regulates the growth of retinal epithelial cells through various pathways and is a potential therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of diabetic retinopathy.