Clinical performance of titanium-zirconium implants with a hydrophilic surface in patients with controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus: 2-year results from a prospective case-control clinical study

Objective Analyze the 2-year clinical performance of single-unit titanium-zirconium (TiZr) alloy narrow-diameter (3.3 mm) dental implants with a hydrophilic surface (Straumann (R) Roxolid (R), SLActive (R)) in patients with controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), measured using the glycated hemoglobin A (HbA1c) concentration test, compared with results in individuals without T2DM. Material and methods The studied sample consisted of 28 patients, 14 with T2DM (study group) and 14 without (control group). The plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, clinical attachment level, gingival biotype, and marginal bone loss (MBL) at the site of the implants were assessed. HbA1c levels were assessed in all patients during each checkup. Results Two years after implant placement and prosthetic restoration no implant failures were reported in either group, resulting in 100% survival and success rates in both groups. No statistically significant differences in MBL were found between the control and study groups (p > 0.05). Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that reduced-diameter TiZr alloy implants with a hydrophilic surface represent a safe and predictable treatment option for patients with well-controlled T2DM. The clinical performance was comparable with that observed in individuals without T2DM in the medium term.