Thermodynamic analysis of direct interspecies electron transfer in syntrophic methanogenesis based on the optimized energy distribution

The aim of this study was to investigate the syntrophic methanogenesis from the perspective of energy transfer and competition. Effects of redox materials and redox potential on direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) were examined through thermodynamic analysis based on the energy distribution principle. Types of redox materials could affect the efficiency of DIET via changing the total energy supply of the syntrophic methanogenesis. Decreasing system redox potential could facilitate DIET through increasing the total available energy. The competition between hydrogenotrophic methanogens and DIET methanogens might be the reason for the low proportion of the DIET pathway in the syntrophic methanogenesis. A facilitation mechanism of DIET was proposed based on the energy distribution. Providing sufficient electrons, inhibiting hydrogenotrophic methanogens and adding more competitive redox couples to avoid hydrogen generation might be beneficial for the facilitation of DIET.