Xanthones from the stems of Cudrania tricuspidata and their inhibitory effects on pancreatic lipase and fat accumulation

Nine new xanthones, cudracuspixanthones I - Q (12-14, 25, 32-36), and 30 known xanthones (1-11, 15-24, 26-31, 37-39) were isolated from the stems of Cudrania tricuspidata (Moraceae). The structures of isolated compounds were established by using 1D and 2D NMR in combination with HR-TOF-MS. Xanthones from the stems of C. tricuspidata exerted pancreatic lipase inhibitory activity. In addition, cudracuspixanthone P (35), a new xanthone, reduced the fat accumulation in liver cells stimulated with fatty acids. Therefore, these compounds might be beneficial in the treatment of metabolic diseases.