Biscoumarin-1,2,3-triazole hybrids as novel anti-diabetic agents: Design, synthesis, in vitro α-glucosidase inhibition, kinetic, and docking studies

A novel series of biscoumarin-1,2,3-triazole hybrids 6a-n was prepared and evaluated for alpha-glucosidase inhibitory potential. All fourteen derivatives exhibited excellent alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity with IC50, values ranging between 13.0 +/- 1.5 and 75.5 +/- 7.0 mu M when compared with the acarbose as standard inhibitor (IC50 = 750.0 +/- 12.0 mu M). Among the synthesized compounds, compounds 6c (IC50 = 13.0 +/- 1.5 mu M) and 6g (IC50 = 16.4 +/- 1.7 mu M) exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against alpha-glucosidase and were non-cytotoxic towards normal fibroblast cells. Kinetic study revealed that compound 6c inhibits the alpha-glucosidase in a competitive mode. Furthermore, molecular docking investigation was performed to find interaction modes of the biscoumarin-1,2,3-triazole derivatives.