Modulation of Forster and Dexter Interactions in Single-Emissive-Layer All-Fluorescent WOLEDs for Improved Efficiency and Extended Lifetime

White organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) with thermally activated delayed fluorophor sensitized fluorescence (TSF) have aroused wide attention, considering their potential for full exciton utilization without noble-metal containing phosphors. However, performances of TSF-WOLEDs with a single-emissive-layer (SEL) still suffer from low exciton utilization and insufficient blue emission for proper white balance. Here, by modulating Forster and Dexter interactions in SEL-TSF-WOLEDs, high efficiencies, balanced white spectra, and extended lifetimes are realized simultaneously. Given the different dependencies of Forster and Dexter interactions on intermolecular distances, sterically shielded blue thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) emitters and orange conventional fluorescent dopants (CFDs) with electronically inert peripheral units are adopted to enlarge distances of electronically active chromophores, not only blocking the Dexter interaction to prevent exciton loss but also finely suppressing the Forster one to guarantee balanced white emission with sufficient blue components. It thus provides the possibility to maximize device performances in a large range of CFD concentrations. A record high maximum external quantum efficiency/power efficiency of 19.6%/52.2 lm W-1, Commission Internationale de L'Eclairage coordinate of (0.33, 0.45), and prolonged half-lifetime of over 2300 h at an initial luminance of 1000 cd m(-2) are realized simultaneously for SEL-TSF-WOLEDs, paving the way toward practical applications.