Low Serum Ionized Calcium, Elevated High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein, Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio, and Body Mass Index (BMI) Are Risk Factors for Severe Acute Pancreatitis in Patients with Hypertriglyceridemia Pancreatitis

Background: To investigate the clinical characteristics of hypertriglyceridemia pancreatitis (HTGP) and evaluate the correlative risk factors for severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) in HTGP patients. Material/Methods: A total of 1005 patients with acute pancreatitis (AP) admitted to Peking Union Medical College Hospital (PUMCH) from 1 Jan 2013 to 1 Aug 2018 were retrospectively reviewed. After screening, we enrolled 159 patients with HTGP and 172 with non-hypertriglyceridemia pancreatitis (NHTGP). We gathered and assessed demographic and blood biochemical information and analyzed the risk factors for SAP. Results: Age, serum amylase (AMY), lipase (LIP), and serum ionized calcium (Ca2+) in the HTGP group were lower than in the NHTGP group (P<0.05), while high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and body mass index (BMI) in the HTGP group were higher than in the NHTGP group (P<0.05). Among the HTGP patients, the results indicated that Ca2+ (OR=0.018, P<0.001, 95%CI: 0.002-0.129) was an independent protective factor for SAP, while higher CRP (OR=1.008, P=0.004, 95%CI: 1.003-1.013), NLR (OR=1.314, P<0.001, 95%CI: 1.161-1.488), and BMI (OR=1.597, P=0.002, 95%CI: 1.195-2.314) were independent risk factors for SAP. Conclusions: Patients with HTGP had lower serum Ca2+ and higher hsCRP, NLR, and BMI, and these were associated with higher risk of developing SAP.