An Ultrahigh Energy Density Quasi-Solid-State Zinc Ion Microbattery with Excellent Flexibility and Thermostability

The rapid development of smart wearable and integrated electronic products has urgently increased the requirement for high-performance microbatteries. Although few lithium ion microbatteries based on organic electrolytes have been reported so far, the problems, such as undesirable energy density, poor flexibility, inflammability, volatility toxicity, and high cost restrict their practical applications in the above-mentioned electronic products. In order to overcome these problems, a low cost quasi-solid-state aqueous zinc ion microbattery (ZIMB) assembled by a vanadium dioxide (B)-multiwalled carbon nanotubes (VO2 (B)-MWCNTs) cathode, a zinc nanoflakes anode, and a zinc trifluoromethanesulfonate-polyvinyl alcohol (Zn(CF3SO3)(2)-PVA) hydrogel electrolyte is exploited. As expected, the ZIMB exhibits excellent electrochemical performance, e.g., a high capacity of 314.7 mu Ah cm(-2), an ultrahigh energy density of 188.8 mu Wh cm(-2), and a high power density of 0.61 mW cm(-2). Furthermore, the ZIMB also shows high flexibility and excellent high temperature stability: the capacity has no obvious decay when the bending angle is up to 150 degrees and the temperature reaches 100 degrees C. The ZIMB provides a way to develop next-generation miniature energy storage devices with high performance.