4.7 Article

Open atmospheric processed perovskite solar cells using dopant-free, highly hydrophobic hole-transporting materials: Influence of thiophene and selenophene π-spacers on charge transport and recombination properties

期刊

SOLAR ENERGY MATERIALS AND SOLAR CELLS
卷 199, 期 -, 页码 66-74

出版社

ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2019.04.026

关键词

Dopant free; Conjugated polymer; Perovskite solar cells; Hole transporting material; Open atmosphere

资金

  1. Basic Research Laboratory through the National Research Foundations of Korea - Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning [NRF- 2015R1A4A1041584]

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We have synthesized three donor-n-acceptor polymers by crosslinking 4,8-bis(5-(2-ethylhexyl)thiophen-2-yl)benzo[1,2-b:4,5-b'] and pyrrolo[3,4-c]pyrrole-1,3-dione with thiophene, thieno[3,2-b]thiophene, selenophene as pi-spacer. These polymers have been integrated successfully as dopant-free hole-transporting materials in fully open atmosphere solution-processed lead halide perovskite solar cells. Due to the synergistic impact of linear and long alkyl chains with different n-spacers, these hole transporters retard interfacial charge recombination and afford rich solubility and morphology resulting long carrier lifetime with uniform film coverage. In addition, these hole transporters possess a deeper highest occupied molecular orbitals (-5.40, -5.37 and -5.42 eV) and suitable over potential with perovskite valence band (-5.43 eV), favorable for efficient hole extraction. Further, the large number of S-based heterocycles helps to strengthen the interaction of the perovskite and hole transporting layer interface and high hydrophobicity (similar to 104 degrees) facilitate enhanced stability with insignificant hysteresis. As a result, the power conversion efficiency has reached 14% under AM1.5 G without any additives in fully open atmospheric conditions. Our findings highlight the better energy transfer capabilities of additive-free hole transporters as a promising candidate for developing stable PSCs in the open air.

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