期刊
PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
卷 116, 期 41, 页码 20382-20387出版社
NATL ACAD SCIENCES
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1908289116
关键词
Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis; amphibian; conservation; genetic monitoring
资金
- NSF [IOS 1354241, DEB 1557190, DEB 1551488, DEB-1202609, DEB-0743491, 0334952, 1418895, 1654388]
- NSF Graduate Research Fellowship Program
- NIH Centers of Biomedical Research Excellence Phase III Grant [P30GM103324]
- NSF (Belmont Forum) [1633948]
- Czech Science Foundation
- Institute of Parasitology [P506/10/2330, RVO 60077344]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31702008]
- Yunnan Applied Basic Research Project [2018FD047]
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [0334952] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Biodiversity loss is one major outcome of human-mediated ecosystem disturbance. One way that humans have triggered wildlife declines is by transporting disease-causing agents to remote areas of the world. Amphibians have been hit particularly hard by disease due in part to a globally distributed pathogenic chytrid fungus (Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis [Bd]). Prior research has revealed important insights into the biology and distribution of Bd; however, there are still many outstanding questions in this system. Although we know that there are multiple divergent lineages of Bd that differ in pathogenicity, we know little about how these lineages are distributed around the world and where lineages may be coming into contact. Here, we implement a custom genotyping method for a global set of Bd samples. This method is optimized to amplify and sequence degraded DNA from noninvasive skin swab samples. We describe a divergent lineage of Bd, which we call BdASIA3, that appears to be widespread in Southeast Asia. This lineage co-occurs with the global panzootic lineage (BdGPL) in multiple localities. Additionally, we shed light on the global distribution of BdGPL and highlight the expanded range of another lineage, BdCAPE. Finally, we argue that more monitoring needs to take place where Bd lineages are coming into contact and where we know little about Bd lineage diversity. Monitoring need not use expensive or difficult field techniques but can use archived swab samples to further explore the history-and predict the future impacts-of this devastating pathogen.
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