Effects of augmented feedback on training jump landing tasks for ACL injury prevention: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Objective: Determine if augmented feedback (AF) used during jump landing training can improve ACL biomechanical injury risk factors. Methods: Articles that used AF in jump landing training were identified through database searches. Pre-identified ACL injury risk parameters were compared between AF and control groups for immediate and delayed (>24 h) post-tests. Standardised effect sizes were determined when kinematic or kinetic data were available. Results: Fourteen articles were included; four studies using 2D kinematic data were excluded from the meta-analysis as they did not provide kinematic data that were consistent with each other or with the remaining 3D studies. During immediate post-test, peak knee and hip flexion angles (KFA, HFA) and vertical ground reaction force (vGRF) were significantly different between AF and control groups. At retention, peak KFA and vGRF remained significantly different. No significant differences between groups were observed in other parameters. High levels of heterogeneity were detected, likely caused by differences in sex, movement or AF types. Conclusions: Jump landing training combined with AF was useful in reducing ACL injury parameters related to peak KFA, HFA and vGRF, but had little effect on frontal plane biomechanics. Future work should investigate how different types of AF may affect different participants. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.